IoT applications range from capturing basic physical quantities, through use in so-called smart homes, to complex industrial applications.

In most cases, the antennas for IoT applications must be integrated inconspicuously or even invisibly into the respective products or devices, so as not to compromise the external design. This requires tailor-made antenna solutions, optimally adapted to the customer's product and its particular product environment.  

Antenna development is carried out using modern simulation tools that enable precise modelling, calculation and optimisation of the antennas. Accurately determining the most important antenna parameters, such as input impedance, current and field distribution, enables an optimal antenna geometry design.

The antenna can be implemented either as a separate component for mounting inside the housing, or integrated on a circuit board together with other assemblies. With the latter, space-saving and cost-effective solution, however, the entire circuit board must be taken into account in the simulation, since the board itself forms part of the antenna.

Furthermore, it is not only the antenna geometry and its immediate surroundings that are responsible for the  radiation behaviour  . The IoT product itself, and often even the user of the product, can strongly influence the resulting radiation pattern and other antenna properties. To account for these effects, the entire IoT product must be included in the antenna simulations.